Child's characteristic of using medicine with the age bracket

Child's characteristic of using medicine with the age bracket


Characteristic that the neonate uses medicine
The neonatal skin is thin, some administration of skin is absorbed more, should pay attention to causing and poisoning. Medicine, after taking orally, whom gastrointestinal tract absorb differ significantly, it is slow for chloromycetin to absorb for instance, sulfa drug can be all absorbed. Because the insufficient often medicine absorption of influence and distribution of blood circulation around of the cover is made and intramuscular injection, the vein is absorbed fastest, the drug effect is reliable. After some medicines such as sulfa drugs are employed, cause neonatal jaundice to become more serious and even invade the brain and organize causing nuclear jaundice, so sulfa drug is unsuitable to be used in the neonate. Unripe because of neonatal liver development, some enzyme shortage, some medicines can cause the life danger after employing, if chloromycetin can cause neonate's gray baby's syndrome, the serious one can cause death; The hypoplasia of neonatal renal function, excrete medicines such as barbital, ammonia benzyl penicillin, gentamicin,etc. slowly, until it is month old, the renal function is complete gradually. So, there should be few general neonate's using medicine amount, use medicine the interval should be lengthened appropriately, administration either should not long, poison while being incident too at the same time.
Baby's characteristic of using medicine in infancy
After being born on 28 days to call the baby infancy to reach the age of 3. Swallowing of infancy such as baby ability bad, great majority will take medicines by oneself, oral administration give medicines should pay attention to that enter the trachea by mistake, especially medicines such as liquid paraffin,etc., will cause sucking pneumonia after entering by mistake. Diarrhoea of the baby's infancy, don't employ stopping cathartic too early, in case that the intestines endotoxin is absorbed and increased, the condition becomes more serious; Should be set about from improving the diet at the time of constipation, add some to contain cellulosic vegetables, fruit, honey,etc. appropriately, do not want constipation to use cathartic. Morphine, cold man Du,etc. easy to cause, poison medicine have, inhibit, breathe, generally unsuitable to use; But this one, to sedative such as phenobarbital, hydrating chloral, tolerance is relatively great, the larger age is, the dosage stands opposite each other too partially largely.
Children are a characteristic of using medicine
Children are exactly in growth state, but the organism has not been ripe yet, the response to medicine is different from adult. The tolerance for instance to sedative, atropine, sulfanilamide medicine, hormone,etc. is relatively great; Acid alkali medicine acid, alkalemia more incident; Employ diuresis medicine than apt to cause low the intersection of blood and potassium, low blood sodium phenomenon; Should use a large amount of or many kinds of antibiotic ' Especially while taking antibiotic of wide table orally) It is apter to cause the disorders of digestion; Tetracycline can make the tooth glaze bad in development, the gingivae turns to be yellow, so avoid using within 7 years old. While using medicine, must be familiar with operation method and attentive matters, react and take measures in time.
Medicine which the neonate wants to forbid
Because the following medicines can lead to the fact newborn child's illness, even die, so must be paid special attention to at the time of family's administration: Chlorpromazine: Can cause paralysis intestinal obstruction; Sulfanilamide, inferior nitric acid: Can produce ferrihemoglobin blood disease, clinical manifestation is blue for oxygen deficiency whole body; Quinine: The blood platelet incident is reduced, clinical manifestation is pinched slightly and presented promptly somely and livid purple for the skin; Uncle ammonia quinoline: It is easy to cause dissolving courageous and upright anaemia, shown as it is rapid to breathe, whole body is livid purple, there are blood specimen urines.
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